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    青海省化隆地区镁铁-超镁铁质侵入岩含矿特点与成矿规律

    Mineralization characteristics and metallogenic regularity of mafic-ultramafic intrusions in Hualong area, Qinghai Province

    • 摘要: 提要:铁质系列的镁铁-超镁铁质侵入岩具有镍矿成矿专属性,但并非所有的类似侵入岩都含矿,根据镁铁-超镁铁质侵入岩含矿特点可总结成矿规律,有效指导区域找矿实践。青海省化隆地区发育114个镁铁-超镁铁质侵入岩体,其含矿性特点与成矿规律是制约该岩带找矿突破的关键因素。本文通过对区内裕龙沟、亚曲、阿什贡及下什堂等岩体地质特征、年代学、岩石地球化学特征及区域对比分析研究,发现这些岩体具有相近的成岩时代,集中于436~449 Ma,可能是同一构造背景的产物。S同位素、Re-Os同位素及Sr-Nd同位素共同揭示了岩体的母岩浆来自一个曾被交代富集的地幔源区,其εNd(t)=-7.74~+8.36,初步表明其岩浆源区应该位于软流圈地幔,并混有一部分被俯冲板片交代的地幔楔物质。而这种交代富集事件可能与祁连、柴北缘在早古生代期间大规模的俯冲有关,是弧岩浆作用的成矿表现。化隆群富硅地层S的混入为硫化物的不混溶创造了条件,致使岩浆中熔离出的硫化物液滴聚集,侵位到理想空间形成不同品位不同类型的铜镍矿体。岩相分异充分、橄榄石富集、基性程度较高的侵入岩体相对易形成镍矿体,对青海省化隆地区镁铁-超镁铁质岩体的含矿性评价具有重要指示作用。

       

      Abstract: Abstract:The ferruginous series mafic-ultramafic intrusions have Ni metallogenetic specialization, but mafic-ultramafic intrusions do not necessarily contain Ni ore. Mineralization characteristics can be used to summarize the metallogenic regularity of mafic-ultramafic intrusions and guide the regional exploration. There are 114 mafic-ultramafic intrusive bodies in Hualong area, and their mineralization characteristics and metallogenic regularity are important key factors for exploration breakthrough. The authors studied geological characteristics, geochronology and petrogeochemical characteristics of Yulonggou, Yaqu, Ashengong and Xiashentang intrusions in Hualong area, Qinghai Province, and found that the four intrusions have similar ages, focused in the range of 436Ma~449Ma, probably suggesting the products of the same tectonic setting in southern Qilian orogenic belt. S, Re-Os and Sr-Nd isotopes reveal that parent magma originated from a mantle source which had once experienced metasomatism. Its εNd(t) ratios are -7.74~+8.36, suggesting that the magma source might have been located in the asthenospheric mantle region contaminated by mantle wedge material with subduction plate metasomatism. The rich silicon strata of Hualong rocks group created the condition of assimilation and contamination for sulfide immiscibility, caused the addition of the rich silicon material, formed the sulfide immiscibility, and finally formed the different grades of magmatic Ni-Cu sulfide deposits in the Hualong rock belt, Qinghai Province. Sufficient lithofacies differentiation, enriched olivines and higher basic degree of mafic-ultramafic intrusions were favorable conditions for the formation of Ni orebodies, and could further guide the prospecting work in Hualong mafic-ultramafic intrusive rocks of Qinghai Province.

       

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