Petrogenesis and geological significance of the Late Carboniferous granites from Gangou, Central Tianshan Mountains, Xinjiang
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摘要:
中天山干沟一带花岗岩广泛分布，前人对北部的眼球状花岗岩和细粒花岗岩进行了精确的SHRIMP定年研究，其侵位年龄分别为428 Ma和361~368 Ma，笔者对干沟南部的晚石炭世花岗岩进行了锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年研究，其侵位年龄为（301.2±1.0）Ma。干沟晚石炭世花岗岩属于高钾钙碱性系列，其σ值为2.6~3.22，显示钙碱性与碱性过渡的特点，富集轻稀土元素及Rb、K、Th、La及高场强元素Zr和Hf，亏损Ba、Sr、Nb、Ta、P和Ti，显示I型花岗岩及A型花岗岩过渡的特征。与干沟北部较老的花岗岩相比，晚石炭世花岗岩具有较低的（87Sr/86Sr）i（0.704771~0.705451）及较高的εNd（t）（2.14~2.51），显示后造山阶段有较多的新的亏损地幔源区物质的加入。文章认为晚石炭世花岗岩的形成同后造山阶段幔源岩浆底侵有关，同时其形成为该区显生宙存在地壳垂向增生提供了新的证据。
Abstract:Granitoid plutons are widespread in Gangou of Central Tianshan orogen. Previous studies of the augen granite and the fine-grained granite from north Gangou revealed that their SHRIMP U-Pb dating ages were 428 Ma and 361-368 Ma, respectively. Comparatively, zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating of the south granitoid pluton in this study yielded the 206Pb/238U age of 301±1.0 Ma. Major and trace elements show that the granites belong to high-K calc-alkaline series, and their σ=2.67-3.22. In addition, they are enriched in LREE, Rb, K, Th, La, Zr and Hf, and depleted in Ba, Sr, Nb, Ta, P and Ti. They show a transitional features from I-type to A-type. Compared with the Silurian-Devonian granites, late-Carboniferous granits are characterized by lower ISr values (0.704771-0.705451), higher εNd(t) (2.14-2.51) and younger TDM2 (861-891 Ma), suggesting that more new depleted mantel-derived materials contributed to the generation of the granites during post orogen. It is therefore held that the petrogenesis of the late-Carboniferous granites was related to the underplating of the mantle-derived magmas. This study also provides new evidence for Phanerozoic vertical continental crustal growth in the Central Asian orogenic belt.
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Keywords:
- Gangou /
- late Carboniferous /
- granites /
- mantle-derived magma underplating /
- crustal growth
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致谢: 田亚洲博士、王云鹏硕士、赵一珏硕士在 野外样品采集及实验测试过程中给予了很大帮助， 在此表示衷心感谢！
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图 2 干沟晚石炭世花岗岩显微镜下特征
Hb—角闪石；Bi—黑云母；Q—石英；Pl—斜长石；Sp—榍石
Figure 2. Photomicrographs of the late-Carboniferous granites in Gangou
Hb-Hornblende; Bi-Biotite; Q-Quartz; Pl-Plagioclase; Sp-Sphene
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图 3 干沟晚石炭世花岗岩代表性锆石的LA-ICP-MS U-Pb 谐和年龄
Figure 3. LA-ICP-MS U-Pb age for the zircon grains from the Gangou late-Carboniferous granites
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图 4 干沟晚石炭世花岗岩主量元素的岩石类型图解
Figure 4. Major element diagrams for rock types of the late-Carboniferous granites from Ganguo
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图 6 干沟晚石炭世花岗岩在A型花岗岩判别图解中的位置（据参考文献[25]） I,S—I 型和S型花岗岩分布区；FG—分异的I,S 型花岗岩分布区；OGT—I,S,M型花岗岩分布区
Figure 6. Locations of the the Gangou late-Carboniferous granites in discrimination diagrams for A-type granites (after reference[25]) I,S-Field for I-and S-type granitoids,FG-Field for fractioned I-and S-type granitoids,OGT-Field for I-,S-,and M-type granitoids
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图 7 花岗岩微量元素构造环境判别图（据文献[30]）
VAG—火山弧花岗岩；WPC—板内花岗岩；S-COLG—同碰撞花岗岩；ORG—洋中脊花岗岩,Post-COLG—后碰撞花岗岩
Figure 7. Y-Nb and (Nb+Y)-Rb tectonic discrimination diagram (after reference [33])
VAG-Vocanic arc granites; WPG-Within -plate granites; S-COLG-Syncollisional granites; ORG-Ocean-ridge granites; Post-COLG-Post collisional granites
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图 8 干沟地区花岗岩ISr-εNd(t)图解(a)及侵入年龄-εNd(t)图解(b)
干沟泥盆纪花岗岩据文献[16]，东天山红柳河同造山花岗岩和后造山花岗岩据文献[44]
Figure 8. ISr-εNd(t) diagram (a) and intrusive age (Ma)-εNd(t) diagram (b) for the late-Carboniferous granites from Gangou,the field
for Gangou Devonian granites are from reference [16],the field for syn-orogenic and post-orogenic granites from Hongliuhe, eastern Tianshan are after reference [44]
表 1 干沟托克逊晚石炭世花岗岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄
Table 1 Zircon U-Pb age of the Gangou late-Carboniferous granites
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 干沟晚石炭世花岗岩的主量元素（%）及微量元素（10-6）分析结果
Table 2 Major (%) and trace elements (10-6) compositions of the Gangou late-Carboniferous granites
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 干沟晚石炭世花岗岩Rb-Sr 和Sm-Nd同位素组成
Table 3 Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd isotopic composition of the late-Carboniferous granitoids from Gangou
下载: 导出CSV
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