Geochemical and zircon U-Pb dating characteristics and significance of the Tuluyin granites in the east of East Kunlun orogenic belt
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摘要:
岩浆活动在板块构造机制中可以看作是大洋板块俯冲或者大陆板块碰撞等过程所伴随的深部作用响应，也是探索深部作用过程的“岩石探针”。土鲁音岩体位于东昆仑东部，紧邻昆中断裂南部区域。在详细野外调研基础上，主要对土鲁音花岗岩体进行岩石学、地球化学以及年代学的研究。结果显示，土鲁音岩体主要岩性为花岗闪长岩，其SiO2为68.49%~70.87%，全碱含量为5.94%~7.16%，K2O/Na2O比值为0.34~0.57，Mg#值中等（35.92~41.86），A/CNK值（1~1.07）均小于1.1，属弱过铝质钙碱性I型花岗岩。岩体稀土总量较低（118.91×10-6~143.97×10-6），（La/Yb）N为4.17~9.14，具有轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素平坦分布的特征，弱负Eu异常，且显著亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti等高场强元素，富集Rb、Ba、Th等大离子亲石元素。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年结果显示土鲁音花岗岩体侵位时代（245.1±3.3）Ma，和区域内下得波利、埃坑德勒斯特花岗岩体具有一致的成岩年龄，同属印支早期产物。地球化学特征反映壳源部分熔融成因，并有幔源物质及热流参与，结合区域已有的年代学、地球化学以及地质资料，笔者认为土鲁音岩体形成于阿尼玛卿-古特提斯洋北向俯冲的地球动力学背景。
Abstract:Magmatism is regarded as the deep response to the subduction and collision and also a petroprobe to explore the deep process. The Tuluyin area lies in the east of East Kunlun orogenic belt (EKOB), close to the south of the middle fault of EKOB. Based on detailed field investigation, the authors studied the petrology, geochemistry and geochronology of Tuluyin granitoids. Geochemical composition shows that Tuluyin granitoids are lithologically dominated by granodiorite. The SiO2 varies from 68.49% to 70.87%. The total alkali content is in the range of 5.94%~7.16%, and the K2O/Na2O ratios vary from 0.34 to 0.57. Mg# values are medium in granitoids (35.92-41.86). The A/CNK values (1-1.07) are lower than 1.1, showing that they belong to slightlyperaluminous calc-alkaline I-type granites. The rocks are enriched in light RRE (LRRE) with a flat heavy RRE (HRRE) pattern. There are no or weak negative Eu anomalies. The ratios of (La/Yb)N are in the range of 4.17-9.14, with the total REE content varying from 118.91×10-6 to 143.97×10-6. The rocks are enriched in large ion lithophile elements (Rb, Th, Ba) and depleted in high field strength elements (Nb, Ta, P, Ti). LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating shows a crystallization age of 245 Ma, identical with the age of Xiadeboli and Aikengdelesite granitoids, suggesting that they all belong to the Early Indosinian period. Geochemical characteristics indicate that these rocks were derived from partial melting of the crust, with the addition of mass and heat flow from the mantle. Based on the existing geochronologic, geochemical and geological data, the authors hold that Tuluyin granitoids were formed under a background of the Anyemaqen-Paleo-Tethys Oceanic crust subducted into EKOB.
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致谢: 河北地质测绘院帮助对样品进行初步处理，主量元素测试在中国地质大学（北京）科学研究院地球化学实验室进行，微量元素测试在中国地质大学（武汉）地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室进行，LA-ICP-MS 锆石U-Pb 定年在中国科学院青藏高原研究所完成；黄慧博士，白洋、曾洋在样品采集与处理方面提供帮助，权瑞、杨洋和李雪峰、潘彦宁、隋真龙和孙转荣在实验及数据处理方面提供帮助，张亮亮博士在数据分析方面提供了建议和启发，评审老师提出良好的修改意见，谨在此向以上单位和个人致以诚挚的谢意。
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图 2 土鲁音标本（A,B）及镜下照片（C、D）
Amp—角闪石；Kf—钾长石；Pl—斜长石；Q—石英
Figure 2. Field photos of the Tuluyin area (A,B) and photomicrographs of the representative granitoid (C、D) (plainlight)
Amp-Amphibole；Kf-Potassiun feldspar；Pl-Plagioclase；Q-Quartz
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图 4 土鲁音岩体球粒陨石标准化分布型式图（A）和原始地幔标准化蛛网图（B）（球粒陨石及原始地幔数据引自[29]；上地壳数据引自[30]；花岗斑岩数据引自[31]）
Figure 4. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns（A）and primitive mantle normalized trace element spider diagrams（B）（normalization values after reference [29]；upper crust data after reference [30]; granite porphyry data after reference [31]）of Tuluyin granitoids
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图 5 土鲁音岩体花岗岩体LA-MPS-MS锆石年龄谐和图(A)和锆石阴极发光（CL）图像及其表面年龄(Ma)（B）
Figure 5. LA-ICP-MS U-Pb concordia diagrams of zircons（A）and zircon cathodoluminescence (CL) images and apparent ages(Ma) （B）of Tuluyin granitoids
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图 6 东昆仑东段花岗岩体年龄统计图
Figure 6. Statistics of granite ages of the eastern East Kunlun Mountains
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表 1 土鲁音花岗岩体主量（%）及微量稀土（10-6）分析数据
Table 1 Chemical compositions (%),REE and trace elements（10-6）of Tuluyin granitoids
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 土鲁音花岗岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb 定年分析数据
Table 2 Data of zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb ages of Tuluyin granitoids
下载: 导出CSV
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