Characteristics, causes and ecological environment health evaluation of Selenium-enriched soil in Gaocheng District of Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province
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摘要:
硒对人体健康有着重要影响。本文以藁城为研究区，利用HG-AFS及ICP-MS等对研究区不同介质中的硒和重金属元素含量进行测试分析，探讨了藁城土壤硒含量特征、主要成因及来源，并对该地生态环境健康进行了评价。结果表明，藁城表层土壤硒均值为0.32 mg/kg，富集系数达到1.68，在研究区南部普遍较高，约171.12 km2达到富硒土壤标准；富硒土壤成因以人为成因为主，主要来源为燃煤和灌溉水；富硒区农产品硒含量远高于非富硒区，部分达到天然富硒食品标准，居民硒摄入量约为123.47 mg/d，处于合理水平；重金属污染程度由高到低依次为Cd>Hg>Pb>Cu>Zn>Ni>As，单项重金属潜在生态风险评价显示Cd和Hg为主要危害元素，其余重金属潜在风险较低；重金属人体健康风险评价表明：研究区非致癌和致癌风险指数均处于安全范围内，口摄入是产生健康风险的主要途径，儿童相较于成人更易受到危害。
Abstract:Selenium has an important impact on human health. This paper takes Gaocheng as a research object to test and analyze the content of selenium and heavy metal elements in different media in the study area with HG-AFS and ICP-MS method. Based on the discussing of the characteristics, main causes and sources of selenium content in soil, the health of the local ecological environment is evaluated. The results show that the average selenium in the surface soil of Gaocheng is 0.32mg/kg, and the enrichment coefficient reaches 1.68, which is generally higher in the southern part of the study area, about 171.12 km2 reaching the standard of selenium-rich soil. The selenium enrichment in soil is mainly caused by human beings, and its main sources are coal burning and irrigation water. The selenium content of agricultural products in the selenium-rich area is much higher than that in the non-selenium-rich area, part of which meets the natural selenium-rich food standard. The selenium intake of residents is about 123.47 mg/d, which is at a reasonable level. The heavy metal pollution degree is Cd> Hg> Pb> Cu> Zn> Ni> As. The ecological risk assessmen of a single heavy metal t shows that Cd and Hg are the main hazard elements, and the other heavy metal potential risks are low. The human health risk assessment of heavy metals indicates that the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk indexes in the study area are within a safe range, and oral intake is a source of health. Children are more vulnerable to oral intake than adults.
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Keywords:
- selenium-enriched soil /
- causes /
- sources /
- ecological and environmental health /
- Gaocheng /
- Hebei Province
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图 1 藁城区表层土壤硒含量分布图
Figure 1. Distribution of selenium content in surface soil of Gaocheng District
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图 2 藁城土壤剖面硒含量变化图
1—高硒区；2—过渡区；3—低硒区
Figure 2. Variation of selenium content in the soil profile of Gaocheng
1-High selenium area; 2-Transition area; 3-Low selenium rea
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图 3 冀中南土壤剖面硒含量变化图
1—磁县；2—柏乡；3—武安
Figure 3. Variation of selenium content in the soil profile of central and southern Hebei
1-Cixian; 2-Baixiang; 3-Wu'an
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图 4 藁城区地下水硒含量分布图
Figure 4. Distribution of groundwater selenium content in Gaocheng District
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图 5 藁城区大气降尘硒含量分布图
Figure 5. Distribution of selenium content in atmospheric dust in Gaocheng District
表 2 地累积指数污染程度划分标准
Table 2 Standards for dividing the pollution degree of the land accumulation index
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表 5 重金属不同暴露途径参考计量和致癌斜率因子
Table 5 Reference measurement and carcinogenic slope factor for different exposure routes of heavy metals
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表 6 表层土壤硒与重金属元素含量统计
Table 6 Statistics of selenium and heavy metal elements in surface soil
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表 7 富硒区和非富硒区小麦、玉米及鸭梨硒含量对比
Table 7 Selenium content comparison of wheat, corn and pear in selenium-rich with non-selenium-rich areas
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表 8 富硒区和非富硒区猪肉、肝、肾及鸡蛋硒含量对比
Table 8 Selenium content comparison of pork, liver, kidney and eggs in selenium-rich area with non-selenium-rich area
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表 9 土壤重金属污染地累积指数分级统计
Table 9 Classification statistics of cumulative index of heavy metal contaminated soil
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表 10 土壤重金属的潜在生态危害指数统计
Table 10 Statistics of potential ecological hazard index of heavy metals in soil
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表 11 土壤重金属非致癌平均日暴露量(mg/kg·d)
Table 11 Average daily non-carcinogenic exposure to heavy metals in soil (mg/kg·d)
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表 12 土壤重金属致癌平均日暴露量(mg/kg·d)
Table 12 Average daily carcinogenic exposure to heavy metals in soil (mg/kg·d)
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