Geochemical characteristics of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and soil fertility evaluation in Leizhou Peninsula, Guangdong Province
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摘要:
广东雷州半岛位于中国大陆最南端，是中国菠萝、香蕉、甘蔗等农产品重要产地。土壤氮、磷、钾等养分是作物生长需要最多的营养元素，对农业发展至关重要。文章通过对雷州半岛土壤取样，首次对该地区土壤氮磷钾的背景特征进行了分析，研究了不同成土母质、不同土地利用类型氮磷钾的含量水平，探讨了氮磷钾人为影响因素和时空演化规律，并进行了土壤肥力评价。研究发现，雷州半岛土壤中氮、磷、钾分布受地质背景制约，并受人为活动干扰强烈，氮、磷受人类活动影响显著，钾受人为扰动程度较轻。与20世纪90年代相比，表层土壤磷元素含量增幅较大，钾元素含量与前期相当。土壤肥力评价结果表明，雷州半岛土壤富磷，缺钾，局部缺氮。
Abstract:Leizhou Peninsula is located in the southernmost part of mainland China, which is an important agricultural production area of pineapple, banana, sugarcane, ect. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients in the soil are the most needed nutrients for crop growth, which is very important for agricultural development.In this paper, the background characteristics of soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in Leizhou Peninsula were analyzed for the first time.The content levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in different soil parent materials and land use types were studied.The man-made influencing factors and temporal and spatial variation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were discussed, and the evaluation of their abundance and deficiency was carried out.It is found that the distribution of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil is restricted by geological background and strongly disturbed by human activities. nitrogen, phosphorus are significantly affected by human activities, and potassium is slightly disturbed by human actibities.Compared with th 1990s, the content of phosphorus in surface soil increased greatly, dan potassium was equivalent to that in the earlier stage. The results of soil fertility evaluation showed that the soil in Leizhou Peninsula was rich in phosphorus, deficient in potassium and locally deficient in nitrogen.
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图 1 雷州半岛N、P、K2O含量25%、75%分级图
Figure 1. Gradation diagram of N, P and K2O content of 25% and 75% in Leizhou Peninsula
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图 2 雷州半岛表层土壤N、P、K2O富集系数（K统计单元/全区背景值）对比图
Figure 2. Comparison chart of N, P and K2O enrichment coefficient of surface soil in Leizhou Peninsula
表 2 表层与深层土壤含量对比（k表/深）特征值
Table 2 Comparison characteristic value of soil content between surface layer and deep layer
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表 3 不同成土母质土壤N、P、K2O地球化学参数
Table 3 Geochemical parameters of N, P and K2O in soils with different parent materials
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表 4 雷州半岛不同土地利用类型土壤N、P、K2O地球化学参数
Table 4 Geochemical parameters of N, P and K2O in different land use types in Leizhou Peninsula
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表 7 表层土壤N、P、K2O富集因子（CEF）特征值
Table 7 Characteristic Values of N, P and K2O Enrichment Factor in Surface Soil
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表 8 不同历史时期土壤P、K2O丰度比较
Table 8 Comparisons of P and K2O abundances in different historical periods
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表 9 两期土壤P、K2O含量对比（K25万表/20万表）特征值
Table 9 Comparative characteristic values of P, K2O contents in two phases of soil
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表 10 土壤必需大量、中量营养元素含量分级统计
Table 10 Classified statistical tables of the contents of essential and medium nutrient elements in soils
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