Sedimentary characteristics of the northern continental slope of the Danube Canyon in the northwest of the Black Sea and its relation with paleoclimate changes
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摘要:研究目的
在末次冰期，全球气候变化以千年尺度的快速、大幅度温度波动旋回为特征，这种波动变化在两极冰芯、深海沉积、中国黄土和洞穴石笋等诸多地质样品中均有记录。黑海位于北大西洋与东亚季风区过渡带，具有极有代表性的沉积记录。本文旨在通过对黑海沉积序列的研究，建立起其区域环境变化与北大西洋及东亚季风气候域气候变化的联系。
研究方法研究对取自黑海西北部罗马尼亚陆坡区多瑙河峡谷北侧GAS-CS12钻孔的长22.0 m的岩芯样品，进行了粒度、矿物成分、主量元素、有机碳、总氮及碳氮同位素等分析。
研究结果揭示出该段岩芯沉积于末次冰期中后期“Neoeuxine”湖相阶段，可划分为5个沉积单元，对应于北大西洋H4、H3、H1气候变化事件、末次冰盛期(LGM)及Bolling-Allerod气候变暖事件。
结论建立起了其沉积序列及区域环境变化与北大西洋及东亚季风气候域气候变化的联系，印证了末次冰期千年尺度的气候变化事件在北大西洋、东亚季风区及两者过渡带上具有高度的一致性。
创新点：建立了黑海西北沉积序列与区域环境变化的关系；补充了北大西洋与东亚季风区两者过渡带上气候波动事件的可靠时标。
Abstract:This paper is the result of environmental geological survey engineering.
ObjectiveIn the last glacial period, global climate was characterized by rapid, large-scale temperature cycles on a millennial scale. Such climate changes could be recorded in many geological materials such as ice cores, deep-sea sediments, Chinese loess, and cave stalagmites. The Black Sea is located in the transition zone between the North Atlantic and East Asian monsoon regions and has formed representative sedimentary records. This article is aimed at establishing the connections between the regional environmental changes of the Black Sea and the climate changes in the North Atlantic and East Asian monsoon area through the study of the sedimentary sequences of the Black Sea.
MethodsIn this study, a 22.0 m core sample taken from Core GAS-CS12 in the northern slope of the Danube Canyon in the northwest of the Black Sea was analyzed for particle size, mineral composition, major elements, organic carbon, total nitrogen, and carbon and nitrogen isotopes.
ResultsIt was revealed that the core sediments of this section were deposited in the"Neoeuxine"lacustrine stage in the middle and late period of the last glacial period, and can be divided into 5 sedimentary units, corresponding to H4, H3, and H1 climate change events in the North Atlantic, the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), and Bolling- Allerod climate warming event.
ConclusionsThe connections between the sedimentary sequences and regional environmental changes of the Black Sea with the climate changes in the North Atlantic and East Asian monsoon area were established and this paper also confirmed that the millennium-scale climate changes of the last glacial period were highly consistent in the North Atlantic, East Asian monsoon area and their transition zones.
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致谢: 感谢法国国家海洋开发研究院为本研究提供样品及岩芯资料；同时也感谢法国国家海洋开发研究院允许我们发表这些研究成果。
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图 1 GAS-CS12站位及古多瑙河流域位置(改自Popescu, 2004)
Figure 1. Location of core GAS-CS12 and paleo-Danube River (modified from Popescu, 2004)
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图 2 GAS-CS12孔岩芯照片(空白部分：岩芯样品缺失)
Figure 2. Photographs of core GAS-CS12(The blank part: Core samples are missing)
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图 3 GAS-CS12孔样品粒度分布频率曲线
a—13.0 mbsf以上样品；b—13.0 mbsf以下样品
Figure 3. Grain size distribution curves of the core GAS-CS12
a-Samples above 13.0 mbsf; b-Samples below 13.0 mbsf
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图 4 GAS-CS12孔沉积物Folk三角图投点示意图
Figure 4. Folk's triangle classification of the sediments of the core GAS-CS12
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图 5 GAS-CS12孔沉积物粒度结构散点图(a: X-δ; b: δ-Sk)
Figure 5. Scatter diagrams of the sediments of the core GAS-CS12 (a: X-δ; b: δ-Sk)
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图 6 GAS-CS12孔粒级组成与粒度参数随深度变化图
Figure 6. Changes in grain size compositions and parameters with the depth of the core GAS-CS12
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图 7 GAS-CS12孔部分层位XRD测试分析结果
Figure 7. XRD results of partial samples of the core GAS-CS12
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图 8 主量元素氧化物含量随深度变化图(以各元素的氧化物占全岩的质量百分比表示)
Figure 8. The oxide content of major elements(Expressed as the mass percentage of the oxide in the whole rock)
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图 9 GAS-CS12孔TOC、TN及δ13Corg、δ15N随深度变化
Figure 9. The results of TOC、TN and δ13Corg、δ15N with the depth of the core GAS-CS12
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图 10 有机质来源示意图(据Meyers, 1994; Gearing et al., 1984; Boutton, 1991)
Figure 10. Sources of organic matter (after Meyers, 1994; Gearing et al., 1984; Boutton, 1991)
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图 11 格陵兰冰芯、中国石笋、黄土等气候记录对比
a—黑海GAS-CS12孔沉积物平均粒径；b—黑海GAS-CS12孔δ13Corg；c—格陵兰冰芯NGRIP δ18O(Svensson et al., 2006)；d—65ºN太阳辐射(Berger et al., 1991)；e—葫芦洞石笋δ18O记录(Wang et al., 2008)；f—永兴洞石笋δ18O记录(Chen et al., 2016)；g—甘孜黄土磁化率χfd (Hu et al., 2015)；h—洛川黄土磁化率χfd (Hu et al., 2015)
Figure 11. A comparison of Greenland Ice Core, Chinese stalagmite and Loess records
a-The average particle size of the core GAS-CS12 sediment from Black Sea; b-δ13Corg of the core GAS-CS12 from Black Sea; c-Greenland Ice Core NGRIP δ18O records (Svensson et al., 2006); d-65ºN insolation (Berger et al., 1991); e-Stalagmite δ18O records from Hulu Caves (Wang et al., 2008); f-Stalagmite δ18O records from Yongxing Caves (Chen et al., 2016); g-Magnetic susceptibility χfd of Ganzi Loess (Hu et al., 2015); h-Magnetic susceptibility χfd of Luochuan Loess (Hu et al., 2015)
表 2 GAS-CS12孔沉积物主量元素含量(%)
Table 2 The concentrations of major elements(%)of the core GAS-CS12
下载: 导出CSV
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