Characteristics and causes of acidic shallow groundwater in Gannan area in the upper reaches of Dongjiang River Basin ——Take Xunwu area as an example
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摘要: 【研究目的】东江流域上游赣南地区是我国典型的缺水区，酸性地下水的分布加剧了区域生活用水缺乏程度。【研究方法】本文选择东江流域上游的寻乌地区为研究区，系统采集浅层地下水，采用水化学和数理统计学等方法，分析了酸性地下水的pH值、空间分布、水化学类型及作用特征，从物质基础、循环条件和外部因素的角度探讨了水岩作用、包气带介质、酸雨、人为作用等因素对酸性地下水的控制作用成因。【研究结果】区内地下水pH值集中在5.0～7.0之间；空间分布与地貌特征和循环条件相关性明显：中低山<丘陵，补给区<排泄区；不同地下水水化学特征都以低矿化度、弱酸性中和能力为主，其pH值，HCO3型（6.0）＞HCO3-Cl型（5.05）＞SO4型（4.8）＞Cl型（4.5）；不同介质地下水类型pH值中，碎屑岩类孔隙裂隙水＞松散岩类孔隙水＞变质岩类裂隙水＞岩浆岩类裂隙水。【结论】水岩相互作用是pH值形成和演化主要作用，碳酸离解是H+来源的主要物质基础；包气带介质和酸中和能力是影响酸性地下水形成主要的水循环条件；酸雨和人为因素是不容忽视的外部要素。研究结果对认识该区酸性地下水成因、合理利用和保护地下水资源具有指导作用。Abstract: [Objective]Gannan area in the upper reaches of Dongjiang River Basin is a typical water shortage area in China. The distribution of acid groundwater intensifies the lack of regional domestic water. [Methods]In this paper, Xunwu area in the upper reaches of the Dongjiang River basin is selected as the study area. Shallow groundwater is systematically collected, and the pH value, spatial distribution, hydrochemical types and action characteristics of acidic groundwater are analyzed by using hydrochemistry and mathematical statistics methods. From the point of view of material basis, circulation conditions and external factors, the causes of control of water rock action, aeration zone medium, acid rain, human action and other factors on acidic groundwater are discussed. [Results]The pH value of groundwater in the area is concentrated between 5.0 and 7.0; The spatial distribution has obvious correlation with geomorphic characteristics and circulation conditions:middle and low mountains
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