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湖南省龙山县土壤重金属特征与健康风险评价

许青阳, 戴亮亮, 彭志刚, 张俊, 肖凯琦, 巩浩, 吴欢欢

许青阳, 戴亮亮, 彭志刚, 张俊, 肖凯琦, 巩浩, 吴欢欢. 湖南省龙山县土壤重金属特征与健康风险评价[J]. 中国地质. DOI: 10.12029/gc20230703001
引用本文: 许青阳, 戴亮亮, 彭志刚, 张俊, 肖凯琦, 巩浩, 吴欢欢. 湖南省龙山县土壤重金属特征与健康风险评价[J]. 中国地质. DOI: 10.12029/gc20230703001
XU Qingyang, DAI Liangliang, PENG Zhigang, ZHANG Jun, XIAO Kaiqi, GONG Hao, WU Huanhuan. Characteristics and health risk evaluation of soil heavy metals in Longshan County, Hunan Province[J]. GEOLOGY IN CHINA. DOI: 10.12029/gc20230703001
Citation: XU Qingyang, DAI Liangliang, PENG Zhigang, ZHANG Jun, XIAO Kaiqi, GONG Hao, WU Huanhuan. Characteristics and health risk evaluation of soil heavy metals in Longshan County, Hunan Province[J]. GEOLOGY IN CHINA. DOI: 10.12029/gc20230703001

湖南省龙山县土壤重金属特征与健康风险评价

基金项目: 

中国地质调查局项目(DD20211576、DD20230480)

详细信息
    作者简介:

    许青阳,女,1996,硕士研究生,主要从事环境地球化学研究;Email:xuqingyang@mail.cgs.gov.cn。

    通讯作者:

    戴亮亮,男,1993,工程师,主要从事环境地球化学研究

Characteristics and health risk evaluation of soil heavy metals in Longshan County, Hunan Province

Funds: 

Supported by the project of China Geological Survey (No.DD20211576,No.DD20230480).

  • 摘要:研究目的】在龙山县采集土壤样品775件,分析土壤重金属As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn的含量特征,评价土壤重金属造成的健康风险。【研究方法】利用地累积指数进行了土壤重金属污染评价,基于相关性分析和主成分分析讨论了土壤重金属的来源,采用健康风险模型评估了土壤重金属对人体产生的健康风险。【研究结果】结果表明:龙山县土壤中Cd含量的平均值明显高于湖南省土壤背景值,表明龙山县土壤中Cd存在一定程度的富集。As和Cd的变异系数均大于0.5,Hg的变异系数大于1,可能受到人类活动的影响。龙山县土壤中存在不同程度的As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn污染,其中,Cd污染范围较广,局部地区Hg污染程度严重。龙山县土壤重金属来源可分为三类: Cr、Cu、Ni主要来源于成土母质; As、Cd、Pb、Zn主要来源于铅锌矿开采选冶,同时,Cd的来源与成土母质有一定的关系; Hg主要来源于化石燃料燃烧。龙山县土壤重金属对儿童造成的健康风险高于成人,需注意龙山县里耶镇、苗儿滩镇和洛塔乡土壤重金属产生的健康风险。此外,As、Cr是造成非致癌风险的主要重金属元素,Cr、Ni是造成致癌风险的主要重金属元素,经口摄入是产生健康风险主要暴露途径。【结论】龙山县土壤中重金属存在不同程度的污染,As、Cd、Ni是健康的主要贡献因子。
    Abstract: This paper is the result of geological survey engineering. [Objective]A total of 775 soil samples were collected in Longshan County for the purpose of analyzing the content characteristics of soil heavy metals, including As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn. Additionally, an evaluation of the health risks caused by soil heavy metals was conducted. [Methods]To assess the level of soil heavy metal pollution, the geo-accumulation index was utilized. The source of soil heavy metals was identified through correlation analysis and principal component analysis. Furthermore, a health risk model was employed to assess the potential risks imposed by soil heavy metals on human health. [Results]The results of the analysis revealed that the average concentration of Cd in the soil of Longshan County was significantly higher than the background value observed in the soil of Hunan Province. This suggests that there is a certain degree of Cd enrichment in the soils of Longshan County. Moreover, the coefficients of variation for Hg, As, and Cd were greater than 0.5, and the coefficient of variation for Hg exceeded 1, indicating that these heavy metals may be influenced by human activities. The presence of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn contamination was observed in the soils of Longshan County. Notably, Cd pollution was widespread, and some areas exhibited severe levels of Hg contamination. The sources of soil heavy metals in Longshan County can be categorized into three groups:Cr, Cu, and Ni primarily originate from the soil parent materials, while As, Cd, Pb, and Zn are predominantly influenced by lead-zinc mining and smelting activities. The source of Cd also has some association with the soil parent materials. Furthermore, Hg is mainly derived from the combustion of fossil fuels. The health risks caused by soil heavy metals were found to be higher for children compared to adults. Additionally, special attention should be given to the health risks caused by soil heavy metals in Liye Town, Miaoertan Town, and Luota Town of Longshan County. Furthermore, non-carcinogenic risks are primarily attributed to As and Cr, whereas carcinogenic risks are primarily linked to Cr and Ni. Oral ingestion was identified as the main exposure route contributing to health risks. [Conclusions]There was a variable degree of heavy metal pollution in the soil of Longshan County, and As, Cr, Ni were the main contributing factors to health risks.
  • 近年来,新疆阿尔金西段萤石找矿取得的重大突破。萤石矿主要分布于卡尔恰尔—阔什区域性大断裂(阿中断裂)以南的晚奥陶世碱长花岗岩侵入体内及其外接触带附近的富钙质岩系中,圈定了卡尔恰尔—小白河沟、盖吉克—亚干布阳、布拉克北—皮亚孜达坂、托盖里克东南—阿其克南4条沿北东向断裂分布的萤石矿带,整个远景区CaF2资源量已达3500万t以上。中国地质调查局西安矿产资源调查中心于2021—2023年对阿尔金西段小白河沟—克鲁求干道班一带开展了矿产调查评价,在小白河沟地区新发现热液充填型萤石矿产地1处,估算萤石的潜在资源达大型规模,对于拓展阿尔金地区萤石矿床具有借鉴意义。

    在对小白河沟地区以往地物化遥成果资料综合研究基础上,结合本次遥感蚀变异常提取和构造解译圈定了重点工作区,通过开展1∶10000地质草测、1∶10000岩石地球化学剖面测量、1∶500地质剖面测量、槽探及钻探等工作,在小白河沟共圈定萤石矿体21条,实现了找矿突破。通过典型矿床对比,总结了区内萤石矿成矿规律,初步建立了找矿模式,分析了区域萤石成矿潜力及找矿前景。

    研究区出露地层基底主要为古元古界阿尔金岩群a岩组和b岩组,二者呈构造面理接触关系。阿尔金岩群a岩组为萤石主要赋矿地层,该岩组出露的岩石类型主要为黑云斜长片麻岩、黑云二长片麻岩、斜长变粒岩、石英岩、大理岩,局部夹有角闪斜长片麻岩(图1b)。区内断裂较为发育,期次较多,主要呈北北东向、北东向、南东东向,南东东向断裂主要与区内的萤石矿化关系密切。地层中岩脉极为发育,在接触带可见岩石具萤石化、钾长石化、碳酸盐化、绿帘石化、硅化等围岩蚀变。

    图  1  区域构造位置图(a)、矿区地质简图(b)、勘探线剖面图(c)及萤石矿岩心(d)
    Figure  1.  Regional structure location map (a), brief geological diagram of ore district (b), prospecting line profile map (c) and cores specimen of fluorite deposit (d)

    在小白河沟共圈定萤石矿体21条(图1c),长100~1130 m,厚度0.7~4.68 m,矿体沿走向延续性较好,沿倾向呈透镜体状,断续产出,斜切岩体和变质岩,有“膨大缩小”变化,部分呈“透镜体”、“扁豆体”断续分布,主矿体旁侧发育少数分枝。矿体品位23.2%~82.4%,平均品位32.2%,钻孔深部验证效果良好。矿石主要以块状、纹层状为主,主要矿物为萤石,局部发育方解石、带云母和少量石英。萤石以紫色、紫黑色为主,少量呈白色或绿色,具粗晶结构、自形—半自形及他形粒状结构。矿石工业类型主要是CaF2型、CaF2–CaCO3型。围岩蚀变以碳酸盐化、带云母化、钾化、黄铁矿化、绿帘石化、角闪石化等为主。初步估算CaF2资源量117.42万t,具大型萤石矿床远景。

    (1)小白河沟萤石矿是阿尔金西段萤石找矿新发现,这一发现拓展了区内萤石矿向西延伸的空间,同时本次工作区内多数矿体走向和深部延伸均未封边,仍具有较大找矿潜力。

    (2)本工作发现了品位较富的大型萤石矿,拓宽了区域找矿思路,具有重要借鉴意义,同时为阿尔金瓦石峡南—卡尔恰尔萤石锂大型资源基地建设提供了有力支撑。

    本文为中国地质调查局项目(DD20190143、DD20211551、DD20243309)、陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2023−JC−YB−241)、中国地质调查局自然资源综合调查指挥中心科技创新基金项目(KC20230011)联合资助的成果。

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出版历程
  • 网络出版日期:  2024-02-03

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