摘要:
【研究目的】高光谱遥感技术能够根据光谱特征快速提取蚀变矿物和线性构造等信息，基于高光谱遥感技术进行矿物识别等地质应用研究，对于支撑新一轮找矿突破战略行动具有重要意义。【研究方法】选取内蒙古武川县赵井沟和虎头山地区为研究区，使用资源一号02D卫星高光谱数据，基于光谱沙漏技术提取了研究区蚀变矿物；使用主成分分析算法（Principal Component Analysis, PCA）和PCI Geomatica软件中的LINE模块，提取了研究区线性构造，并分析了蚀变矿物和线性构造的空间分布特征。【研究结果】在研究区提取出赤铁矿、低铝绢云母、中铝绢云母、锂云母、黑云母、绿泥石、碳酸盐及高岭石共8种蚀变矿物，同时提取了127条线性构造，分析发现，研究区蚀变矿物和线性构造与地质体岩性关系密切，多集中在特定地质体的局部地段，其中线性构造提取结果主要分布于图像的不同色调分界面以及呈线状展布的异常带上，整体效果较好。综合分析蚀变信息和线性构造遥感解译结果，圈定了6个找矿远景区，其中4个找矿远景区分布有已知矿脉，吻合度较高，证实了异常信息可以作为遥感找矿的依据。【结论】高光谱遥感不仅能够准确识别蚀变矿物信息，也可清晰提取不同岩体、构造等地质体，可为矿产资源勘查和地质调查工作提供强有力的技术支撑。
Abstract:
[Objective] Hyperspectral remote sensing technology can quickly extract alteration minerals and linear structures information based on spectral characteristics. The geological application research of mineral identification based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology is of great significance to support a new round of strategic action of prospecting breakthrough. [Methods] Taking Zhaojinggou and Hutushan areas in Wuchuan County, Inner Mongolia as the study area. The alteration minerals were extracted from the study area based on spectral hourglass technology using the hyperspectral data of ZY-1-02D satellite. And the linear structures of the study area was extracted by conducting principal component analysis (PCA) and LINE module in PCI Geomatica software. Furthermore, the spatial distribution characteristics of altered minerals and linear structures were analyzed. [Results] Eight kinds of alteration minerals were extracted, including hematite, low aluminum sericite, medium aluminum sericite, lepidolite, biotite, chlorite, carbonate and kaolinite, and 127 linear structures were extracted from the study area. It is found that the alteration minerals and linear structures in the study area are closely related to the lithology of the geological body, and most of them are concentrated in the local section of the specific geological body. The extraction results of linear structures are mainly distributed on the interface of different tones and the abnormal zone with linear distribution in the image, and the overall effect is good. Based on the comprehensive analysis of alteration information and linear structure, 6 prospecting areas have been delineated, among which 4 have known ore veins distributed, with a high degree of agreement, confirming that abnormal information can serve as a basis for remote sensing prospecting. [Conclusions] Hyperspectral remote sensing can not only accurately identify altered mineral information, but also clearly extract different rock mass, structure and other geological bodies, which can provide strong technical support for mineral resources exploration and geological investigation.
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