地形起伏度和坡度分析在区域滑坡灾害评价中的应用
Application of the relief amplitude and slope analysis to regional landslide hazard assessments
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摘要: 提要：基于ArcGIS平台，利用SRTM3-DEM数据资料，选择鄂尔多斯及其周缘为研究区，计算并定量分析了地形起伏度和坡度，并利用区域滑坡灾害调查资料，初步建立了地形起伏度、坡度与滑坡灾害之间的相关性，讨论了地形起伏度的区域地貌意义。结果表明，研究区滑坡集中发育地区的地形起伏度为200~300 m，在此范围内滑坡占研究区所有滑坡总数的48.5%，此区间的面积占研究区总面积的20.3％；坡度为10~18°，此范围内滑坡占研究区所有滑坡总数的46.7%，而此区间的面积占研究区总面积的30.5％。在地貌类型上，滑坡集中发育地区对应残丘、黄土塬及黄土墚等。通过研究区横向、纵向剖面的地形特征分析，表明地形起伏度和坡度分析是相互补充的，它们均与区域滑坡发生和分布存在良好的相关性。这种相关性为区域滑坡灾害评价提供了新的思路，对区域防灾规划和灾害区预测具有重要的应用意义。Abstract: Abstract：Based on the SRTM3-DEM data and by using the ArcGIS platform, the authors calculated and analyzed the relief amplitudes and slopes of the Ordos area and its vicinity, established the correlation among the relief amplitudes, slopes and landslide hazard occurrence using regional landslide hazard survey data, and discussed the geomorphological significance of the relief amplitude analysis. The results show that in the study area landslides mainly occur in areas with relief amplitudes ranging from 200 to 300 m. The landslides in this amplitude interval account for 48.5% of the total number of landslides and 20.3% of the total surface area of the study area. Those areas have relief slopes ranging from 10° to 18°, and the landslides with this slope interval account for 46.7% of the total number of landslides and 30.5% of the total surface area of the study area. Geomorphologically the areas of frequent landslide occurrence correspond to monadnocks, loess tablelands and loess ridges. Analysis of topographic features of longitudinal and latitudinal profiles across the study area shows that the relief amplitude and slope have a good correlation with the occurrence and distribution of landslides. This correlation provides a new idea for assessments of regional landslide hazards and is of great significance to regional geohazard planning and prediction.
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Keywords:
- relief amplitude /
- slope /
- landslide /
- DEM /
- GIS /
- correlation
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