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    荆门—当阳盆地上三叠统沉积相结构特点及其对构造控制的响应

    Sedimentary facies constitutional features and their response to tectonic control of the Upper Triassic strata in the Jingmen-Dangyang basin

    • 摘要: 提要:荆门—当阳盆地上三叠统九里岗组和王龙滩组为发育于前陆盆地系统前渊地带的一个典型陆相碎屑岩沉积序列。根据露头剖面沉积特征,荆当盆地的上三叠统可以识别出8种岩相单元、6种构型和5种沉积体系。根据陆上不整合为主的层序界面可以将上三叠统划分为4个三级层序,每个向上变细的层序形成于加载和卸载的造山旋回,沉积物堆积发生于盆地挠曲沉降阶段,而层序界面则对应于均衡抬升作用阶段。九里岗组以湖泊、沼泽体系薄基底型含煤细粒沉积旋回为特征,反映了物源不足和相对较高的可容纳空间体系阶段(HASS),盆地处于饥饿状态;王龙滩组早中期以发育河流沉积体系厚基底型砂岩沉积旋回为主,代表物源充足和相对较低的可容纳空间体系阶段(LASS),盆地处于过补偿充填状态。可容纳空间和沉积相结构特点主要受到相邻造山带构造活动的控制。在长期温暖潮湿气候背景下,从九里岗组到王龙滩组,沉积体系从低能湖沼向高能河流转变,而每个层序向上变细的趋势代表了造山活动过程中地形坡度的逐渐减小和沉积体系能量从下向上由高到低的变化。

       

      Abstract: Abstract:The Upper Triassic Jiuligang Formation and Wanglongtan Formation constitute a classic clastic sedimentary succession deposited in the foredeep belt of the Jingmen-Dangyang basin. Eight lithofacies, six constitutional elements and five depositional systems can be recognized from the outcrop data. On the basis of sequence boundaries composed mainly of subaerial unconformities, the upper Triassic strata of the Jingmen-Dangyang basin can be subdivided into four sedimentary sequences (TS1, TS2, TS3 and TS4), each one of which was formed during the loading and unloading of orogenic cycles. The Jiuligang Formation is dominated by coal-bearing sedimentary cycles of lakes and swamps, reflecting the condition of relatively inadequate sediment supply and high accommodation rates and an underfilled basin. In contrast, fluvial systems dominate the Wanglongtan Formation characterized by thick-bedded sandstone sedimentary cycles, suggesting adequate sediment supply and low accommodation rates and an overfilled basin during the early-middle deposition period of Wanglongtan Formation. Accommodation rates and sequence stacking are mainly controlled by subsidence rates induced by adjacent orogenic belt. Under the warm and humid climate conditions, depositional systems transformed from low energy lakes and swamps to high energy rivers, and each upward fining sequence indicates terrain gradient and sedimentary media energy gradually decreased in an orogenic cycle.

       

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