青海省祁漫塔格矿带虎头崖矿田构造控矿特征
Characteristics of ore-controlling structures of the Hutouya orefield in the Qimantage metallogenic belt, Qinghai Province
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摘要: 虎头崖矿田位于东昆仑西段祁漫塔格成矿亚带和整装勘查区内?笔者在矿田构造调研和室内多元信息研究分析的基础上,结合前人研究成果,从矿田构造角度探讨了该区矽卡岩成矿地质条件?通过对矿田内主要的构造特征进行总结,认为区内构造活动演化具有多期性,从华力西期—燕山期至少有5 次构造运动?对矿田内近东西向?北东东向?北西西向和近南北向构造对成岩成矿的影响及控制作用作了详细分析,并初步分析了区内各级构造对成矿的控制和影响?认为:①近东西向断裂?褶皱和北东东向及北西西向断裂,为主要的控矿(布矿)构造,属成矿期构造,控制了各个矿床的空间分布;②近东西向?北东东向和北西西向次级断裂以及接触带构造,属成矿期的容矿(储矿)构造,控制了矿体的分布;③在矿田内近南北向断裂对岩石和矿体产生了改造作用,认为是成矿后构造;④自印支期以来,主要有两阶段的成矿作用,主要为矽卡岩矿床;⑤找矿构造标志:矿体受侵入岩接触带和近东西向及北东东向构造控制明显,在断裂构造复合部位?不同岩性接触部位,均是成矿有利部位?这些认识将进一步指导深部及外围找矿工作部署工作?Abstract: Located in the Qimantag metallogenic subzone and monoblock exploration area, the Hutouya polymetallic ore field belongs to the west segment of East Kunlun Mountains. Based on field investigation of structures and multiple-information analysis as well as previous research results obtained in the ore field, the authors summarized main characteristics of ore- controlling structures, discussed the ore-forming geological conditions from the angle of ore field structure,and analyzed the influence of the nearly EW- , NE- and NWW-trending fractures on the ore belt. The difference between structures of various orders was analyzed in the aspect of their roles in mineralization. Some conclusions have been reached based on a comprehensive analysis: ① Nearly EW, NE- and NWW- striking fractures constitute the main ore- controlling structure and control the spatial distribution of the ore deposits; ② Nearly EW-, NE- and NWW-striking secondary fractures and intrusive contacts belong to the metallogenic epoch and control the distribution of Fe-Cu polymetallic ore bodies; ③ Ore bodies were reformed by NE- and nearly SN-striking fractures; ④ Since the Indosinian period,there have been skarnization mineralization stage and hydrothermal reformation stage related to faultfractures; ⑤ As for ore- searching directions, the intrusive contact structure, the nearly EW- trending faulted structures, the intersections of faults and the contact areas between different lithological characters are favorable metallogenic areas.