Geochemical characteristics, geological genesis and ecological environment evaluation of soil selenium in Chengde, Hebei Province

WEI Hao; WEI Xiaofeng; WANG Jingbin; ZHU Sujia; YANG Fan; LIANG Zhao; TIAN Xiaoxia; LI Wei; JIA Wenru; YU Kaining

doi:10.12029/20211017001

GEOLOGY IN CHINA > 2024 > 51(4): 1290-1303. > DOI: 10.12029/20211017001

Wei Hao, Wei Xiaofeng, Wang Jingbin, Zhu Sujia, Yang Fan, Liang Zhao, Tian Xiaoxia, Li Wei, Jia Wenru, Yu Kaining. 2024. Geochemical characteristics, geological genesis and ecological environment evaluation of soil selenium in Chengde, Hebei Province[J]. Geology in China, 51(4): 1290−1303. DOI: 10.12029/20211017001

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Geochemical characteristics, geological genesis and ecological environment evaluation of soil selenium in Chengde, Hebei Province

WEI Hao^{1, 2,},
WEI Xiaofeng^3, ,,
WANG Jingbin³,
ZHU Sujia⁴,
YANG Fan⁵,
LIANG Zhao^{1, 2},
TIAN Xiaoxia⁶,
LI Wei^{1, 2},
JIA Wenru^{1, 2},
YU Kaining^1, ,

1.
Hebei Center for Ecological and Environmental Geology Research, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei, China
2.
Hebei Key Laboratory of Strategic Critical Mineral Resources, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei, China
3.
Sino−Zijin Resources (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 100012, China
4.
Institute of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, China
5.
Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Langfang 065000, Hebei, China
6.
Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China

Funds: Supported by the S & T Program of Hebei (No.19224205D), Research and Practice Project on the Reform of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education (No.X2023cxcy007), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41672070, No.42001027).

More Information

Author Bio:
WEI Hao, male, born in 1981, doctor, associate researcher, mainly engaged in geological resources and geological engineering teaching and research work; E-mail: ronghaiwei@163.com
Corresponding author:
WEI Xiaofeng, born in 1981, doctor, senior engineer, mainly engaged in mineral geology and ecological geology research; E-mail: yanchixiaowei@126.com.

YU Kaining, male, born in 1965, doctor, professor, mainly engaged in environmental geochemistry research; E-mail: yukn2000@hgu.edu.cn
Received Date: October 16, 2021
Revised Date: January 06, 2022

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

This paper is the result of agricultural geological survey engineering.
Objective
The study aims to delineate the distribution characteristics and geological origins of selenium in the soil of the Chengde area, providing a scientific foundation for the exploration and effective utilization of selenium in the region's soils.
Methods
Geological surveys were conducted to identify the types of soil parent materials in the area. The content of selenium and multiple elements in 553 soil samples and 66 rock/ore samples were determined using X−ray fluorescence spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry, and the Kjeldahl nitrogen method. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software, with geological genesis being interpreted in conjunction with geological processes.
Results
The soil parent materials in the Chengde area are categorized into nine distinct groups. The selenium content in surface soils ranges from a minimum of 0.016 mg/kg to a maximum of 0.743 mg/kg, with an average value of 0.17 mg/kg. This average selenium content is half of the national average, indicating a state of deficiency. The average selenium content in iron ore, gold ore, and lead−zinc ore are 0.860 mg/kg, 1.233 mg/kg, and 3.365 mg/kg, respectively, significantly higher than those in the tailings and wall rocks associated with various ores.
Conclusions
The overall selenium content in the soils of Chengde is very low, primarily determined by the soil parent materials, with distribution patterns influenced by geological formations. Selenium−rich soil areas are notably concentrated in the south of Longhua County (Area A), the southern parts of Chengde City (Area B) including Shuangluan and Shuangqiao districts, and the eastern part of Kuancheng County (Area C). Area C is characterized as “rock weathering type”, associated with the presence of selenium−enriched primary carbonate rocks and carbonaceous mudstones. Area B is classified as “mineralization associated type”, linked to the symbiotic relationship between selenium and metal sulfides during lead−zinc mineralization, as well as the substitution relationship between selenium and sulfur. Area A is defined as “river sedimentary type”, relating to the dynamics of river and lake sedimentation and the adsorption by organic matter. The selenium−rich region in southern Chengde possesses a natural advantage for developing a forest and fruit economy. Weichang County, situated in a low selenium environment, is identified as a contributing factor in the prevalence of Keshan disease and other endemic conditions.
- soil selenium,
- distribution characteristics,
- correlation analysis,
- geological genesis,
- agricultural geological survey engineering,
- Chengde,
- Hebei Province
Highlights
(1) The distribution genesis of selenium in soil is studied from the perspective of geological process of soil formation. (2) Three types of geological genesis are proposed for the selenium−rich area in this area: Rock weathering type, mineralization associated type, and river sedimentary type. (3) The effects of soil selenium distribution on ecological environment were evaluated. The selenium−rich area has lush plants and excellent ecology, and has the natural advantage of developing forest and fruit economy. The low−selenium environment is easy to cause endemic diseases.

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References (89)

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Geochemical characteristics, geological genesis and ecological environment evaluation of soil selenium in Chengde, Hebei Province

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