Evaluation method of soil heavy metal harm to groundwater: Taking Huichun basin，Jilin Province as an example

This paper is the result of environmental geological survey engineering.

Objective The continuous accumulation of heavy metals in soil has potential harm to groundwater, but there is no quantitative method to evaluate the harm of heavy metals in soil to groundwater in previous studies.

Methods Based on the theory of groundwater circulation and solid−liquid equilibrium, a simple and easy−to−−use flux model of soil heavy metals into groundwater is constructed in this paper. On the basis of evaluating groundwater environmental capacity, an innovative method for evaluating the harm of soil heavy metals to groundwater is proposed.

Results The application was carried out in Hunchun Basin as an example, and the results showed that the fluxes of soil heavy metals into groundwater in the study area were Zn, Cu, As, Pb, Cd, Ni, and Hg in descending order, and that the heavy metals of the groundwater in most of the areas could not reach the limit of the environmental capacity within 10 years, and the damage level in most towns and villages to groundwater was moderate or below.

Conclusions Through this evaluation method, the flux of heavy metals in soil into groundwater can be calculated simply and quickly, the residual capacity of heavy metals in groundwater can be determined, and the harm of heavy metals in soil to groundwater can be evaluated, which provides support for relevant departments to carry out environmental protection of soil and groundwater, and provides reference for relevant scholars to carry out similar research.