Effects of characteristic pollutants in leather sludge leachate on soil ammonia nitrogen transformation and microbial community structures

KONG Xiangke; LI Yi; WANG Ping; HAN Zhantao; LIU Shenghua; ZHANG Zhaoji; WANG Yanyan

doi:10.12029/gc20220312001

GEOLOGY IN CHINA > 2024 > 51(5): 1676-1685. > DOI: 10.12029/gc20220312001

Kong Xiangke, Li Yi, Wang Ping, Han Zhantao, Liu Shenghua, Zhang Zhaoji, Wang Yanyan. 2024. Effects of characteristic pollutants in leather sludge leachate on soil ammonia nitrogen transformation and microbial community structures[J]. Geology in China, 51(5): 1676−1685. DOI: 10.12029/gc20220312001

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Effects of characteristic pollutants in leather sludge leachate on soil ammonia nitrogen transformation and microbial community structures

KONG Xiangke^{1, 2,},
LI Yi³,
WANG Ping^{1, 2},
HAN Zhantao⁴,
LIU Shenghua^{1, 2},
ZHANG Zhaoji^{1, 2},
WANG Yanyan^{1, 2, ,}

1.
Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Groundwater Remediation of Hebei Province and China Geological Survey, Shijiazhuang 050061, Hebei, China
3.
Hebei Geological Environment Monitoring Institute, Shijiazhuang 050021, Hebei, China
4.
Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China

Funds: Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (No.D2020504003) and the Basic Scientific Research Fund of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences (No.SK202113).

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Author Bio:
KONG Xiangke, male, born in 1987, associate researcher, engaged in the mechanism and remediation of soil and groundwater pollution; E-mail:kongxiangke@mail.cgs.gov.cn
Corresponding author:
WANG Yanyan, female, born in 1987, associate researcher, engaged in the mechanism of groundwater pollution; E-mail: wangyanyan@mail.cgs.gov.cn.
Received Date: March 11, 2022
Revised Date: April 25, 2022

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

This paper is the result of soil environmental survey engineering.
Objective
The objective is to identify the impact of characteristic pollutants (Cr (III), salt, organic matter) in the leachate of tannery sludge on the conversion of soil NH₄⁺−N conversion and microbial community structure. It provides a theoretical basis for the safe agricultural use of tannery sludge and soil pollution prevention and control.
Methods
The transformation of NH₄⁺−N to NO₃⁻−N in soil was studied through soil cultivation experiments under different pollution conditions, and the high−throughput sequencing is used to analyze the composition and structure characteristics of microbial community in soil.
Results
The characteristic pollution components in the tannery sludge leachate inhibit the nitrification process of NH₄⁺−N in the soil, and the influence factors are sorted as follows: Cr(III)>saltness>organic matter. The exogenous Cr(III) pollution has a significant inhibitory effect on the transformation rate and amount of NH₄⁺−N, whereas the saltness and organic matter only delay the start time of nitrification and reduce the nitrification rate in soil. With the increase of Cr(III) content from 100 mg/kg to 250 mg/kg, the transformation amount of NH₄⁺−N decreases from 94.23% to 19.38% after 90 days of culture. The high Cr(III) and salinity in the leachate have a significant impact on the microbial community structure and distribution in the soil at the initial stage of pollution. With the decrease of the bioavailability of Cr(III) and the enhancement of microbial adaptation in soil aging process, the microbial community structure and composition in Cr(III), salinity, and organic matter contaminated soils become similar, and the abundances of nitrifying bacteria (Nitrosospira, Nitrosomonas and Nitrosospira) also have an obvious increase.
Conclusions
The results of RDA analysis show that the main characteristic factors affecting the evolution of microbial community structure in tanning contaminated soil are: Cr(III) (R²=0.53, P<0.01), NH₄⁺−N (R²=0.59, P<0.005) and NO₃⁻−N(R²=0.53, P<0.01).
- tannery sludge,
- Cr(III),
- ammonia nitrogen,
- nitrification,
- microbial community structure,
- soil environmental survey engineering
Highlights
(1) The influence of characteristic pollutants in leather sludge leachate on soil ammonia nitrogen transformation are sorted as follows: Cr(III)>saltness>organic matter. (2) The main characteristic factors affecting the evolution of microbial community structure in tanning contaminated soil are: Cr(III) (R²=0.53, P<0.01), NH₄⁺−N (R²=0.59, P<0.005) and NO₃⁻−N (R²=0.53, P<0.01).

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References (50)

References

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