Genesis of Qingshuitang Lead-zinc deposit in Hunan Province: Evidence from fluid inclusions and Rb-Sr dating of quartz

XIA Jie; CHENG Shunbo; XUE Xilin; LI Jianfeng; FU Jianming; LU Youyue; YANG Qizhi; LI Xiongfei; MA Liyan

doi:10.12029/gc20220612

GEOLOGY IN CHINA > 2022 > 49(6): 1862-1874. > DOI: 10.12029/gc20220612

XIA Jie, CHENG Shunbo, XUE Xilin, LI Jianfeng, FU Jianming, LU Youyue, YANG Qizhi, LI Xiongfei, MA Liyan. Genesis of Qingshuitang Lead-zinc deposit in Hunan Province: Evidence from fluid inclusions and Rb-Sr dating of quartz[J]. GEOLOGY IN CHINA, 2022, 49(6): 1862-1874. DOI: 10.12029/gc20220612

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Genesis of Qingshuitang Lead-zinc deposit in Hunan Province: Evidence from fluid inclusions and Rb-Sr dating of quartz

XIA Jie^1,,
CHENG Shunbo^{1, 2},
XUE Xilin³,
LI Jianfeng^{1, 2, 4, ,},
FU Jianming^{1, 2},
LU Youyue^{1, 2},
YANG Qizhi⁵,
LI Xiongfei³,
MA Liyan^{1, 2}

1.
Wuhan Center of China Geological Survey(central south China Innovation Center for Geosciences), Wuhan 430205, Hubei, China
2.
Research Center of Granitic Diagenesis and Mineralization, CGS, Wuhan 430205, Hubei, China
3.
Hunan Jinshuitang Mining Co., Ltd, Qidong, 421613, Hunan, China
4.
College of Urban and Environmental Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 1160292, Liaoning, China
5.
The First Team of Hunan Nonferrous Geological Prospecting Bureau, Chenzhou 423000, Hunan, China

Funds:

the Open Fund of the Research Center for Petrogenesis and Mineralization of Granitoid Rocks, China Geological Survey PMGR2020009

the Open Fund of the Research Center for Petrogenesis and Mineralization of Granitoid Rocks, China Geological Survey PMGR202108

the projects of China Geological Survey DD20190154

the projects of China Geological Survey DD20221689

More Information

Author Bio:
XIA Jie, male, born in 1980, master, senior engineer, mainly engaged in petrology and mineralogy research; E-mail: 182313011@qq.com
Corresponding author:
LI Jianfeng, male, born in 1986, doctor, assistant researcher, mainly engaged in research of granite and ore deposits; E-mail: 317649474@qq.com
Received Date: December 16, 2020
Revised Date: May 28, 2021
Available Online: September 25, 2023

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

This paper is the result of the mineral exploration engineering.

Objective
In order to discuss the genesis of the lead-zinc deposits in Hengyang Basin and its surrounding areas, this paper has carried out work on the highly studied Qingshuitang lead-zinc deposit.
Methods
By means of geological survey, fluid inclusion study of quartz, calcite and sphalerite at different stages and Rb-Sr dating of quartz, we discuss the geochemical characteristics, evolution and mineralization processes of ore-forming fluid.
Results
Based on the mineral assemblages and the intercutting relationships between veins, this paper classifies the metallogenesis of the Qingshuitang lead-zinc deposit into three stages: pyrite-quartz stage (Ⅰ), quartz-galena-sphalerite stage (Ⅱ) and barite-calcite stage(Ⅲ). The research of fluid inclusions show that both L- and VL-type primary and secondary fluid inclusions occur in quartzs and sphalerites at stage Ⅱ; VL-type primary fluid inclusions predominantly occurs in quartzs at stage Ⅰ and calcites at stage Ⅲ. The measured temperature results show that primary inclusions of quartz formed at stage Ⅱ can be subdivided into four groups according to the homogeneous temperature and salinity, which are 258-296℃ and 8.55%-9.21% NaCl eqv, 260-298℃ and 3.61%-4.18% NaCl eqv, 120-160℃ and 12.73%-18.22% NaCl eqv, 145-168℃ and 3.06%-3.87% NaCl eqv, respectively. By comparison, the homogenization temperature and salinity of sphalerite are mainly concentrated in the range of 102-178℃ and 10.24%-19.45%NaCl eqv. The ore-forming fluid belongs to the NaCl-H₂O hydrothermal system of medium-low temperature and medium salinity. Based on occurrence and homogenization temperature of inclusions, the medium and low salinity fluids at stage Ⅱ may have different sources and evolutionary processes. The former is mostly distributed in groups and might derive from medium temperature (210-312℃) and medium salinity (12.30-19.30%NaCl eqv) fluid at stage Ⅰ. The latter mostly occurs along mineral fissures, which may be formed by mixing of the late low salinity atmospheric precipitations. In this paper, two quartz Rb-Sr isochron ages are obtained, and they are (88.8±2.4) Ma and (17.86±0.42) Ma, respectively. The former age represents the mineralization age of Qingshuitang lead-zinc deposit, and the latter age records the time of late tectonic superposition. Both of them are significantly later than the diagenetic ages of the Zhoujialing granite ((203.0±1.4) Ma) near the mine site and the adjacent Guandimiao pluton ((223.4±1.9) Ma).
Conclusions
Considering that the metallogenic fluids of lead-zinc in the area are related to magmatic activities, it is inferred that there are the Late Cretaceous concealed intrusions in the deep part of the mining area combined with sulfur and lead isotope characteristics of sulfides from the Qingshuitang and Liushutang mining areas, which provide material and energy sources for lead-zinc mineralization.
- fluid inclusions,
- Rb-Sr dating of quartz,
- genesis of deposit,
- lead- zinc deposits,
- mineral exploration engineering,
- ingshuitang,
- Hunan Province

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References (68)

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