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Jiang Xin, Ma Yiqi, Tu Chunlin, Huang An, Hu Yaojun, Ye Lei, He Chengzhong, Li Shiyu. 2024. Ecological risk and source analysis of soil heavy metals in typical coal mining areas of Eastern Yunnan Province[J]. Geology in China, 51(1): 327−340. DOI: 10.12029/gc20230228004
Citation: Jiang Xin, Ma Yiqi, Tu Chunlin, Huang An, Hu Yaojun, Ye Lei, He Chengzhong, Li Shiyu. 2024. Ecological risk and source analysis of soil heavy metals in typical coal mining areas of Eastern Yunnan Province[J]. Geology in China, 51(1): 327−340. DOI: 10.12029/gc20230228004
shu

Ecological risk and source analysis of soil heavy metals in typical coal mining areas of Eastern Yunnan Province

  • 1.

    Kunming General Survey of Natural Resources Center, China Geological Survey, Technology Innovation Center for Natural Ecosystem Carbon Sink, Ministry of Natural Resources, Kunming 650100, Yunnan, China

  • 2.

    School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China

  • 3.

    College of Ecology and Environment, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, Yunnan, China

Funds: Supported by the project of China Geological Survey (No. DD20208075).
More Information
  • Author Bio:

    JIANG Xin, male, born in 1994, engineer, engaged in environmental geochemical investigations; E-mail：254679049@qq.com

  • Corresponding author:

    HE Chengzhong, male, born in 1988, senior engineer, engaged in environmental geological survey; E-mail: 443220880@qq.com.

  • Received Date: February 27, 2023
  • Revised Date: March 23, 2023
  • Available Online: February 03, 2024
    Graphical Abstract
    • Abstract

  • This paper is the result of environmental geological survey engineering.

    Objective 

    The study area is located in an important coal and agricultural production area in eastern Yunnan Province. It is of great practical significance to understand the spatial distribution characteristics, potential ecological risks and pollution sources of heavy metals in soil of coal mining area for ecological environment protection and ensure agricultural security.

    Methods 

    Based on the grid distribution point method, 497 soil samples were collected in June 2021 in typical coal mining areas, and soil pH, SOM, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn were analyzed. The Pollution Load Iindex method (PLI) and the Potential Ecological Risk Index method (PERI) were used to evaluate the status of heavy metal pollution and potential ecological risks. The potential sources of heavy metals were analyzed by using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and positive definite matrix factor analysis (PMF) models.

    Results 

    The soil is mainly acidic, the average pH value of the soil is 5.39, and the average of SOM content is 1.20 times that of the background value for soils in Yunnan Province. The average and median values of Cr, Cu, Cd, Ni, Zn and Hg contents exceed the soil background values in Yunnan Province. The vast majority of sampling points have Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni content exceeding the risk screening value, accounting for 94.97%, 93.96%, 91.35%, and 79.28%, respectively. A small number of sampling points have As and Cd content exceeding the control values, accounting for 0.20% and 1.41%, respectively. The evaluation results of the PLI showed that the study area as a whole shows slight pollution. The evalution results of PERI showed that the overall risk of the study area is moderate. The results of the PCA and the PMF model analysis showed that soil heavy metals in the study area are mainly derived from the geological background, followed by agricultural activities and atmospheric deposition.

    Conclusion 

    The potential ecological risks of Cd and Hg in the soil of the coal mining areas area relatively high, and the heavy metals in the soil mainly derived from the geological background, followed by agricultural activities and atmospheric deposition. It is suggested to strengthen the monitoring and management of related polluted land, reduce the unreasonable application of farmyard manure, and strengthen the supervision of pollution from coal industry activities.

    Highlights
    (1) It deepens the understanding of the distribution characteristics and potential ecological risks of soil heavy metal pollution in typical coal mining areas in eastern Yunnan; (2) By comprehensively utilizing methods such as correlation analysis, PCA and PMF model, the sources of heavy metals in soil were quantitatively identified, providing a solid basis for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in typical coal mining areas in eastern Yunnan.
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    • References (89)
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