Discussion on hydrogeochemical characteristics and genetic model of geothermal waters in Xianshuihe, Anninghe and Longmenshan fault zones in western Sichuan, China

LÜ Guosen; ZHANG Xu; ZHANG Yunhui; SAFONOVA Inna; HUANG Haoqing; YU Zhongyou; DAI Qian

doi:10.12029/gc20230309001

GEOLOGY IN CHINA > 2024 > 51(1): 341-359. > DOI: 10.12029/gc20230309001

Lü Guosen, Zhang Xu, Zhang Yunhui, Safonova Inna, Huang Haoqing, Yu Zhongyou, Dai Qian. 2024. Discussion on hydrogeochemical characteristics and genetic model of geothermal waters in Xianshuihe, Anninghe and Longmenshan fault zones in western Sichuan, China[J]. Geology in China, 51(1): 341−359. DOI: 10.12029/gc20230309001

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Discussion on hydrogeochemical characteristics and genetic model of geothermal waters in Xianshuihe, Anninghe and Longmenshan fault zones in western Sichuan, China

LÜ Guosen^1,,
ZHANG Xu^{2, 3, 4, ,},
ZHANG Yunhui¹,
SAFONOVA Inna¹,
HUANG Haoqing⁵,
YU Zhongyou^{2, 3, 4},
DAI Qian^{2, 3, 4}

1.
Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, Sichuan, China
2.
Sichuan Huadi Construction Engineering Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610081, Sichuan, China
3.
Chengdu Center of Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, Chengdu 610081, Sichuan, China
4.
Technology Innovation Center for Risk Prevention and Mitigation of Geohazard, Ministry of Natural Resources, Chengdu 611730, Sichuan, China
5.
China Geological Survey, Civil−Military Integration Geological Survey Center, Chengdu 610036, Sichuan, China

Funds: Supported by the project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.42102334, No.42072313), Sichuan Provincial Department of Science and Technology Projects (No.2022NSFSC1084, No.2022NSFSC0413, No.2023YFS0356), Sichuan Provincial Department of Natural Resources Research Project Funding (No.KJ-2023-36), Southwest Jiaotong University Cultivation Project (No.2682021ZTPY063, No.2682022ZTPY064).

More Information

Author Bio:
LÜ Guosen, male, born in 1997, master candidate, mainly engaged in hydrogeology and geothermal geology research; E-mail: sheyong74707036693@163.com
Corresponding author:
ZHANG Xu, male, born in 1987, master, engineer, mainly engaged in hydrogeology, geothermal geology, and environmental geology survey and research; E-mail: 497416206@qq.com.
Received Date: March 08, 2023
Revised Date: May 20, 2023
Available Online: February 03, 2024

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

This paper is the result of geothermal geological survey engineering.
Objective
In order to develop and use geothermal water resources in western Sichuan rationally, it is important to study hydrochemical characteristics and genetic models of the geothermal waters spatially linked with the Xianshuihe (XFZ), Anninghe (AFZ), and Longmenshan (LFZ) fault zones.
Methods
The methods of hydrogeochemistry, reservoir temperature calculation, hydrogen and oxygen isotopes were used to estimate hydrochemical types, hydrochemical processes, reservoir temperatures and depths, and recharge sources of 48 typical localities of geothermal waters (or geothermal springs or drilling holes) located around these three fault zones, and reconstruct the mode of their formation.
Results
(1) Hydrochemically the geothermal waters are dominated by HCO₃−Na type in the XFZ, SO₄−Na and Cl−Na types in the LFZ and HCO₃·Cl−Na, HCO₃·SO₄−Ca·Mg and Cl·SO₄−Na types in the AFZ. (2) The composition of geothermal waters of the three fault zones are mainly controlled by the dissolution of silicate minerals and ion exchange process. (3) The temperatures of the reservoirs, their depths and the cold water mixing ratio are, respectively, 129.6−210.6℃, 2532−4184 meters, and 66%−82% for the XFZ, 81−121.9℃, 2155−3519 meters, and 52%−95% for the AFZ and 108.2−153℃, 3573−5654 meters, and 68%−89% for the LFZ. (4) The geothermal waters in the three fault zones are recharged by meteoric waters derived from elevations at 2493 to 5034 meters in the XFZ, 3235 to 3839 meters in the AFZ, and 1628 to 4574 meters in the LFZ. (5) The degree of the “δ¹⁸O drift” of geothermal waters in the XFZ is higher than that in the AFZ, and the geothermal waters in the LFZ exhibit characteristics of “δ¹⁸O drift” and “negative drift”.
Conclusions
Our results show that among the three perspective areas of the Sichuan Province, the Xianshuihe Fault Zone possesses a higher commercial potential for the exploration and utilization of medium-high temperature geothermal resources compared to the Anninghe and Longmenshan fault zones.
Highlights
The characteristics of hydrogeochemistry, stable isotopes and formation models of geothermal waters in Xianshuihe fault zone, Anninghe fault zone and Longmenshan fault zone of the "Y" shaped regional tectonic system in western Sichuan are revealed, which provides a theoretical basis for the differentiation of geothermal resources development in this area.

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References (101)

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Discussion on hydrogeochemical characteristics and genetic model of geothermal waters in Xianshuihe, Anninghe and Longmenshan fault zones in western Sichuan, China

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