Assessment of karst groundwater quality and its ecological environmental effects in Beijing

GUO Gaoxuan; DAI Yindong; XU Liang; ZHU Lin; QI Qi; OU Zhiliang; SHEN Yuanyuan

doi:10.12029/gc20230423001

GEOLOGY IN CHINA > 2024 > 51(4): 1266-1279. > DOI: 10.12029/gc20230423001

Guo Gaoxuan, Dai Yindong, Xu Liang, Zhu Lin, Qi Qi, Ou Zhiliang, Shen Yuanyuan. 2024. Assessment of karst groundwater quality and its ecological environmental effects in Beijing[J]. Geology in China, 51(4): 1266−1279. DOI: 10.12029/gc20230423001

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Assessment of karst groundwater quality and its ecological environmental effects in Beijing

GUO Gaoxuan^{1, 2,},
DAI Yindong^{1, 2},
XU Liang^{1, 2},
ZHU Lin^{2, 3},
QI Qi^{1, 2},
OU Zhiliang^{1, 2},
SHEN Yuanyuan^{1, 2}

1.
Beijing Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring, Beijing 100195, China
2.
Urban Groundwater Safety Prevention and Control Technology Innovation Base, Beijing 100195, China
3.
Beijing Laboratory of Water Resources Security, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China

Funds: Supported by Beijing Ten Million Talents Project (No.2020A55), project of Beijing Municipal Commission of Science and Technology “Research and Demonstration on Key Technologies of Groundwater Restoration in the west of Beijing” (No.Z221100005222014), project of Beijing Association for Science and Technology Academic Demonstration “Evolution of Karst Fissure Water Environment and its Ecological Effect in the Western Mountains of Beijing”.

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Author Bio:
GUO Gaoxuan, male, born in 1979, Ph.D, professor level senior engineer, mainly engaged in investigations and research in hydrology, environmental geology and ecological geology; E-mail: ggx2008@qq.com
Received Date: April 22, 2023
Revised Date: May 26, 2024
Available Online: February 03, 2024

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

This paper presents the results of hydrogeological survey engineering.
Objective
As an important water supply source in Beijing, karst groundwater plays an irreplaceable role in the security of the urban water supply and the improvement of the ecological environment.
Methods
Based on the analysis of 278 karst groundwater samples systematically collected in Beijing in June 2021, both single-factor quality evaluation and comprehensive quality evaluation of karst water were carried out in different karst water systems. Additionally, the organic indicators were statistically counted and analyzed for the first time.
Results
(1) The average values of pH, TDS, and TH of karst water in Beijing are 7.69, 334.77 mg/L, and 262.01 mg/L, respectively. These results indicate that the groundwater is weakly alkaline, with low salinity and low hardness, suggesting generally good water quality. (2) The detection rates for unconventional indicators, in descending order, were benzo[a]pyrene (4.32%), tribromomethane (3.60%), and total xylene (2.52%). These contaminants warrant significant attention. (3) The results of groundwater quality evaluation show that the overall proportion of karst water quality falling within Classes I−III is 82.01%, while Classes IV and V constitute 17.99%. The exceedance points are primarily located at the interface between mountainous and plain areas, with the primary exceedance indicators being Fe, TH, NH₃-N, Mn, SO₄²⁻, F⁻, and NO₃-N.
Conclusions
As the important water source supply area and ecological protection zone in Beijing's ecological conservation area, karst groundwater in the study area plays a very important role for ensuring the safety of the capital's water supply and protecting the ecological environment. In the future, to practically protect karst groundwater, measures such as increasing vegetation cover to enhance water conservation and recharge capacity, strictly controlling point source and non-point source pollution to reduce pollutant inputs, continuously optimizing the monitoring network for early warning, and broadly promoting public awareness and education on ecological protection should be implemented systematically.
Highlights
For the first time, single factor and comprehensive quality evaluation of karst water were conducted based on system theory in Beijing, and hydrochemical types were systematically compared; The main environmental issues and characteristic indicators of karst water were identified; The detection and exceeding of organic indicators were analyzed for the first time in the study area; The countermeasures and suggestions for the protection of karst water environment were proposed according to the findings in this study

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References (73)

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