Geological-geochemical features and genesis of the Gaoliangdian Fe-Cu deposit in Henan Province

Abstract：The Louziwan iron-copper deposit is located in the east of East Qinling-Dabie orogenic high-pressure metamorphic belt. It occurs in the Er’langping Group composed of volcanic rocks and sedimentary rocks. The ore bodies with clear layer control features are almost in the lentoid form in the second block of Er’langping Group. Skarnization and silicification are the most important wall rock alterations. It is held that the mineralization has the close relationship with the Er’langping Group, as evidenced by the ore geology, geochemistry, mineral assemblages, sulfur isotope and composition of fluids in minerals. In the early stage, large amounts of basaltic lavas rich in iron and copper were formed in the submarine volcanic activities, thus producing a sedex iron ore layer and carbonate rock during the intermittent period of the volcanic eruption; in the late period, due to regional metamorphism, the basic volcanic rock resulted in the formation of layered skarn, with the superimposition of disseminated, veined copper iron ore mineralization of the hydrothermal origin. It is thus concluded that the deposit belongs to the type of volcanic-sedimentary- metamorphic Fe-Cu deposit.