Sources and control factors of main ions and dissolved inorganic carbon in karst water of the Huixian karst wetland, Guangxi

ZHAO Yi; ZOU Shengzhang; SHEN Haoyong; LAN Funing; XIE Hao; LI Jun

doi:10.12029/gc20221025002

GEOLOGY IN CHINA > 2024 > 51(5): 1701-1713. > DOI: 10.12029/gc20221025002

Zhao Yi, Zou Shengzhang, Shen Haoyong, Lan Funing, Xie Hao, Li Jun. 2024. Sources and control factors of main ions and dissolved inorganic carbon in karst water of the Huixian karst wetland, Guangxi[J]. Geology in China, 51(5): 1701−1713. DOI: 10.12029/gc20221025002

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Sources and control factors of main ions and dissolved inorganic carbon in karst water of the Huixian karst wetland, Guangxi

ZHAO Yi^{1, 2,},
ZOU Shengzhang^{1, 2},
SHEN Haoyong^{1, 2, 3},
LAN Funing^{1, 2},
XIE Hao^{1, 2},
LI Jun^4, ,

1.
Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guangxi Karst Resources and Environment Research Center of Engineering Technology, International Research Center on Karst Under the Auspices of United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
2.
Pingguo Guangxi, Karst Ecosystem, National Observation and Research Station, Pingguo 531406, Guangxi, China
3.
Department of Earth Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa
4.
Hebei Key Laboratory of Water Quality Engineering and Comprehensive Utilization of Water Resources, Hebei University of Architecture, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei, China

Funds: Supported by the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation (No.2023JJD150024, No.2021JJA150041) and the projects of China Geological Survey (No.DD20230425, No.DD20230081, No.DD20221758).

More Information

Author Bio:
ZHAO Yi, male, born in 1989, associate researcher, mainly engaged in karst hydrogeology and environmental geology; E-mail: 767337467@qq.com
Corresponding author:
LI Jun, male, born in 1990, doctor, lecturer, mainly engaged in karst hydrogeochemical research; E-mail: lipshydro@163.com.
Received Date: October 24, 2022
Revised Date: March 26, 2023
Available Online: February 03, 2024

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

This paper is the result of hydrogeological survey engineering.
Objective
In order to determine the sources and control factors of main ions and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in water of the Huixian karst wetland,
Methods
groundwater and surface water samples were collected from the Huixian karst wetland to analyze the hydrochemical ions and dissolved inorganic carbon isotope(δ¹³C_DIC).
Results
The Ca−HCO₃ water was identified as a main hydrochemical type in most water samples of the Huixian karst wetland. The dissolution of carbonate rock was primary contributor to Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺ and HCO₃⁻, while NO₃⁻ was mainly derived from synthetic fertilizers and soil organic nitrogen. Moreover, K⁺, Na⁺, and Cl⁻ were driven by the mixed inputs of synthetic fertilizer, manure, and sewage, and the acid rain and pyrite oxidation contributed more to karst water SO₄²⁻. Further, karst water DIC was respectively derived from the soil CO₂ with the contribution rate of 46% and from the carbonate minerals with the contribution rate of 54% according to the obtained result from isotopic mass balance. In addition to the H₂CO₃ produced from CO₂ and H₂O, the H₂SO₄ derived from sulfur−containing minerals, acid rain, and anthropogenic emissions was involved in carbonate weathering in the Huixian karst wetland. Additionally, microbial nitrification processes of the reduced nitrogen fertilizers could be also ignored in the study area. For the surface water, the DIC was mainly derived from groundwater recharges, and the value of δ¹³C_DIC was affected by the photosynthesis of aquatic plants and CO₂ degassing, thereby resulting in the more enrichment of δ¹³C_DIC compared with that in groundwater.
Conclusions
The obtained results provided insights into the understanding of minerals weathering and biogeochemical processes, and also highlighted the control factors of hydrogeological conditions and human activities in precisely determining hydrochemical mechanisms in the karst wetland.
- karst wetland,
- hydrochemistry,
- dissolved inorganic carbon isotope,
- source,
- control factors,
- hydrogeological survey engineering,
- Guilin City,
- Guangxi
Highlights
The sources and control factors of major ions and DIC, and associated biogeochemical process, were determined using hydrochemistry and δ¹³C_DIC combined with the hydrogeological conditions and human activities in the Huixian karst wetland.

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References (58)

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Sources and control factors of main ions and dissolved inorganic carbon in karst water of the Huixian karst wetland, Guangxi